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| 振动工艺及浇注温度对ZL270铝合金组织性能的影响 |
| Effect of Vibration Process and Casting Temperature on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of ZL270 Aluminum Alloy |
| Received:February 15, 2024 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.03.015 |
| 中文关键词: ZL270铝合金 振动工艺 浇注温度 相组成 力学性能 |
| 英文关键词: ZL270 aluminum alloy vibration process casting temperature phase composition mechanical properties |
| 基金项目:重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项重点项目(CSTB2022TIAD-KPX0033) |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | LIU Sen | Beijing Xinghang Electromechanical Equipment Co., Ltd., Beijing 100074, China | | WAN Yuanyuan | Southwest Technology and Engineering Research Institute, Chongqing 400039, China | | LIU Chao | Fifth Military Representative Office of PLA Ground Force in Xi'an Area, Xi'an 710000, China | | HU Li | College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China | | NING Haiqing | Southwest Technology and Engineering Research Institute, Chongqing 400039, China | | QU Juncen | Southwest Technology and Engineering Research Institute, Chongqing 400039, China | | LIU Changpeng | Southwest Technology and Engineering Research Institute, Chongqing 400039, China | | ZHOU Yaozhong | Beijing Xinghang Electromechanical Equipment Co., Ltd., Beijing 100074, China | | LIU Yingzhi | Beijing Xinghang Electromechanical Equipment Co., Ltd., Beijing 100074, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 探究振动工艺和浇注温度对ZL270铝合金组织性能的影响，为ZL270铝合金的高质量铸造提供理论依据和参考。方法 通过改变振动参数和浇注温度，制备系列ZL270铝合金试样，并对其进行显微组织观察和力学性能测试。结果 ZL270铝合金基体主要为α-Al固溶体，在α-Al固溶体上弥散分布有蠕虫状CuAl2相，有聚集倾向。当浇注温度为720 ℃时，随着偏心电机转速的增加，ZL270铝合金的晶粒尺寸呈现先减小后增大的趋势。当振动浇注设备偏心电机的转速为2 000 r/min和4 000 r/min时，树枝状偏析较为明显;当转速为6 000 r/min时，偏析组织占比显著减小。同时，ZL270铝合金的硬度值呈现先增大后减小的趋势。适当的振动(2 000 r/min)可以增强合金的流动性，使CuAl2相更好地分散在晶界处，从而提高力学性能。然而，过高的振动(8 000 r/min)不利于CuAl2相的均匀分布，导致强度下降。在固定转速为2 000 r/min条件下，随着浇注温度的升高，ZL270铝合金的晶粒尺寸呈现先增大后减小的趋势。随着浇注温度从680 ℃升至720 ℃，力学性能逐渐提高;当浇注温度进一步升高到740 ℃时，力学性能显著提升。这表明在一定振动工艺下，适当提高浇注温度有利于提升ZL270铝合金的力学性能。结论 结合适当的振动工艺和浇注温度，可以显著提升ZL270铝合金的抗拉强度和断后延伸率。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The work aims to investigate the effects of vibration process and casting temperature on microstructure and properties of ZL270 aluminum alloy, so as to provide theoretical basis and reference for high-quality casting of ZL270 aluminum alloy. By varying the vibration parameters and casting temperature, a series of ZL270 aluminum alloy specimens were prepared, and their microstructure and mechanical properties were observed and tested. The matrix of ZL270 aluminum alloy was mainly α-Al solid solution, with worm-like CuAl2 dispersed within these α-Al solid solution, showing a tendency to aggregate. At a constant casting temperature (720 ℃), an increase in eccentric motor speed initially reduced and then increased the grain size of ZL270 aluminum alloy. Dendritic segregation was more obvious at 2 000 r/min and 4 000 r/min, but it significantly decreased at 6 000 r/min. The hardness value of ZL270 aluminum alloy showed a trend of increasing firstly and then decreasing. Moderate vibration (2 000 r/min) enhanced the fluidity of the alloy, allowing the CuAl2 phase to be better dispersed at grain boundaries, thereby improving mechanical properties. Conversely, excessive vibration (8 000 r/min) hindered the uniform distribution of CuAl2 phase, leading to the reduced strength. Under a constant vibration (2 000 r/min), the grain size of ZL270 aluminum alloy exhibited an initial increase, followed by a decrease with the increasing casting temperature. Mechanical properties gradually improved as the casting temperature increased from 680 ℃ to 720 ℃. A further increase to 740 ℃ significantly enhanced mechanical properties. This indicated that an appropriate increase of the casting temperature under certain vibration condition could improve the mechanical properties of ZL270 aluminum alloy.Combining vibration condition with suitable casing temperature can significantly enhance the tensile strength and fracture elongation of ZL270 aluminum alloy. |
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