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| 304不锈钢/5052铝合金软钎焊用钎剂及钎料研究 |
| Fluxes and Solder for Soldering of 304 Stainless Steel/5052 Aluminum Alloy Dissimilar Metals |
| Received:January 15, 2025 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.03.009 |
| 中文关键词: 304不锈钢 5052铝合金 Sn-Zn钎料 钎剂 软钎焊 润湿性 |
| 英文关键词: 304 stainless steel 5052 aluminum alloy Sn-Zn solder flux soldering wettability |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(52275306);北京市自然科学基金(3232021) |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | LIU Yajia | School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China | | XUE Zhongming | Beijing Spacecrafts Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Beijing 100094, China | | DU Huiqiao | Beijing Spacecrafts Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Beijing 100094, China | | HUANG Ning | Beijing Spacecrafts Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Beijing 100094, China | | CHEN Shuhai | School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 通过设计不同成分配比的钎剂和钎料，分别对Sn-Zn钎料在304不锈钢和5052铝合金表面的润湿性进行分析，优化钎剂及钎料成分，以实现304不锈钢/5052铝合金异种金属的软钎焊。方法 选取不同NaF含量的ZnCl2-NH4Cl-NaF钎剂辅助Sn-20Zn钎料润湿304不锈钢和5052铝合金，以Sn-20Zn在基底金属表面的润湿铺展面积为判断依据，获得最佳钎剂成分配比。采用最佳钎剂成分配比的ZnCl2-NH4Cl-NaF钎剂辅助不同配比的Sn-Zn钎料润湿304不锈钢和5052铝合金，对Sn-Zn钎料的成分进行优化。结果 随着钎剂中NaF含量的增加，Sn-20Zn在304不锈钢表面的润湿铺展面积逐渐减小，在5052铝合金表面的润湿铺展面积先增大后减小，且当NaF含量(质量分数)为2%时，润湿铺展面积最大，综合考虑，其最佳钎剂成分为88ZnCl2-10NH4Cl-2NaF。在采用88ZnCl2-10NH4Cl-2NaF钎剂辅助钎焊的基础上，当Zn含量(质量分数)为10%时，Sn-10Zn在较低的加热温度下不能在5052铝合金表面实现润湿，除此之外，Sn-20Zn、Sn-30Zn、Sn-40Zn和Sn-50Zn均能很好地在304不锈钢和5052铝合金表面实现润湿。结论 采用ZnCl2-NH4Cl-NaF反应型钎剂实现了Sn-20Zn、Sn-30Zn、Sn-40Zn和Sn-50Zn在300~390 ℃温度范围内在304不锈钢和5052铝合金表面的润湿，最佳钎剂成分配比为88ZnCl2-10NH4Cl-2NaF。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The work aims to analyze wettability of Sn-Zn solder on the surface of 304 stainless steel and 5052 aluminum alloy by designing flux and solder with different composition ratio, to optimize the composition of flux and solder and achieve soft soldering of 304 stainless steel and 5052 aluminum alloy. ZnCl2-NH4Cl-NaF soldering fluxes with varying composition ratio were designed to assist Sn-20Zn in wetting both 304 stainless steel and 5052 aluminum alloy. Based on the wetting and spreading area of Sn-20Zn on the surface of the base metal, the optimum flux composition ratio was obtained. The ZnCl2-NH4Cl-NaF flux with the best flux ratio was used to assist Sn-Zn solder with different proportions to wet 304 stainless steel and 5052 aluminum alloy, and the composition of Sn-Zn solder was optimized. As the NaF content in the flux increased, the wetting and spreading area of Sn-20Zn on the 304 stainless steel surface decreased, while that on the 5052 aluminum alloy surface first increased and then decreased. When NaF content was 2wt.%, the wetting and spreading area was the largest. Through overall consideration, the optimal flux composition was determined to be 88ZnCl2-10NH4Cl-2NaF. With 88ZnCl2-10NH4Cl-2NaF flux for assistance, Sn-10Zn failed to wet the surface of 5052 aluminum alloy at a lower heating temperature when the Zn content was 10wt.%. In addition, Sn-20Zn, Sn-30Zn, Sn-40Zn and Sn-50Zn could well wet the surface of 304 stainless steel and 5052 aluminum alloy. In conclusion, ZnCl2-NH4Cl-NaF enables wetting of Sn-20Zn, Sn-30Zn, Sn-40Zn and Sn-50Zn on 304 stainless steel and 5052 aluminum alloy at 300-390 ℃, the optimum flux composition ratio is 88ZnCl2-10NH4Cl-2NaF. |
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