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| 785 MPa及以上高强钢焊接材料的研发现状与展望 |
| Research and Development Status and Prospect of Welding Materials for 785 MPa Grade and above High Strength Steels |
| Received:September 10, 2024 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.02.008 |
| 中文关键词: 焊接材料 熔敷金属 组织优化 低温韧性 形核方式 |
| 英文关键词: welding materials deposited metal microstructure optimization low-temperature toughness nucleation methods |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划(2022YFB4601902);中国船舶集团有限公司第七二五研究所青年基金(1023725093-3023012011) |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | LIU Jingwu | Luoyang Ship Material Research Institute, Henan Luoyang 471000, China | | ZHANG Lei | Luoyang Ship Material Research Institute, Henan Luoyang 471000, China | | DU Yi | Luoyang Ship Material Research Institute, Henan Luoyang 471000, China | | SUN Lei | Luoyang Ship Material Research Institute, Henan Luoyang 471000, China | | WANG Xinghua | Luoyang Ship Material Research Institute, Henan Luoyang 471000, China | | ZHANG Xiao | Luoyang Ship Material Research Institute, Henan Luoyang 471000, China | | DONG Xing | Luoyang Ship Material Research Institute, Henan Luoyang 471000, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 焊接是海洋平台建造过程中最重要的加工工艺，新一代海洋平台的发展离不开高性能焊接材料的研发。由于熔敷金属为典型的铸态组织，并且不能像板材一样进行热变形处理，因此其强度的提高往往伴随着韧性的严重损失，高强度熔敷金属的强韧性匹配一直以来都是焊接材料研发领域的难点。本文从组织优化的角度总结了785 MPa及以上熔敷金属的不同韧化思路，熔敷金属中薄膜状的残余奥氏体可以有效阻碍裂纹扩展，改善韧性，但是在提高残余奥氏体含量的同时会诱发生成大量对韧性具有恶化作用的聚合贝氏体。通过对贝氏体板条形核行为进行调控，可以促使熔敷金属中产生自催化形核，进而有效地细化板条贝氏体组织，改善韧性。此外，结合当前海洋工程对金属材料的需求，分析了不同熔敷金属组织优化思路的优缺点，同时对国内外高强韧焊材的研究现状进行了系统全面的阐述，在分析现状的基础上展望了超高强韧熔敷金属的组织设计思路，可通过贝氏体板条形核与纳米相析出行为协同调控实现超高强度熔敷金属的强韧性匹配。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Welding is the most important processing technology in the construction of offshore platforms, and the development of a new generation of offshore platforms is inseparable from the research and development of high-performance welding materials. However, improving its strength is often accompanied by significant loss of toughness due to the typical cast microstructure of deposited metal which can not be treated with hot deformation like steel plates. The matching of strength and toughness of high-strength deposited metal has always been a challenge in the research and development of welding materials. In this paper, different toughening approaches for deposited metals with strength above 785 MPa are summarized from the perspective of microstructure optimization. Film-like retained austenite in deposited metal can effectively prevent crack propagation and improve toughness. However, an increase in retained austenite will result in the formation of numerous coalesced bainite, which has a detrimental effect on toughness. Promoting autocatalytic nucleation in deposited metal can effectively refine the lath bainite microstructure and improve toughness by regulating the nucleation behavior of bainite laths. Advantages and disadvantages of different microstructure optimization ideas for deposited metal are analyzed based on current demands for metal materials in marine engineering. This paper provides a systematic and comprehensive description of the research status on high strength and toughness welding materials at home and abroad. On this basis, prospects for microstructure design ideas for ultra-high strength and toughness deposited metals are discussed. The coordinated regulation of bainite lath nucleation and nano-phase precipitation behavior will enable achieving both high strength and toughness matching of ultra-high strength deposited metals. |
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