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| 弧形薄壁件ZL205A铣削加工变形规律研究 |
| Deformation Law of ZL205A Arc Thin-walled Parts in Milling |
| Received:June 19, 2024 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.02.002 |
| 中文关键词: ZL205A 弧形薄壁件 表面质量 加工变形 铣削参数 |
| 英文关键词: ZL205A arc thin-walled part surface quality machining deformation milling parameters |
| 基金项目:中北大学研究生创新项目(2023KY576);山西省研究生实践创新项目(2023SJ194) |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | LIU Jianxiang | School of Mechanical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
Shanxi Key Laboratory of Intelligent Equipment Technology in Harsh Environment, Taiyuan 030051, China | | XIN Zhijie | School of Mechanical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
Shanxi Key Laboratory of Intelligent Equipment Technology in Harsh Environment, Taiyuan 030051, China | | LU Huihu | School of Mechanical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
Shanxi Key Laboratory of Intelligent Equipment Technology in Harsh Environment, Taiyuan 030051, China | | SHEN Xingquan | School of Mechanical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
Shanxi Key Laboratory of Intelligent Equipment Technology in Harsh Environment, Taiyuan 030051, China | | LI Guodong | School of Mechanical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
Shanxi Key Laboratory of Intelligent Equipment Technology in Harsh Environment, Taiyuan 030051, China | | ZHAI Pengyuan | China North Advanced Technology Generalization Institute, Beijing 100089, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 针对弧形薄壁件加工变形的技术难题，以保证加工表面质量为出发点，确定合适的铣削参数，进而有效地控制变形。方法 进行了以主轴转速、进给速度、铣削深度和铣削宽度为变量的四因素三水平正交铣削实验研究。运用综合平衡法，阐明了切削参数对ZL205A板材加工变形、表面粗糙度和半径的影响规律，并通过极差分析法研究了铣削变量对工件变形和表面粗糙度影响的显著性。结果 在进行铣削加工时，针对铝合金薄壁件的翘曲变形、半径和表面粗糙度3个测量指标进行实验研究，发现进给速度对3个测量指标的影响最显著，当进给速度为480 mm/min时，翘曲变形最小、半径变化最小，综合考虑3项测量指标后，认为480 mm/min的进给速度为理想进给速度;当主轴转速为1 500 r/min时，在控制表面粗糙度和工件半径方面表现最佳，虽然主轴转速在对翘曲变形影响方面并非主导因素，但是综合考虑1 500 r/min为最优的主轴转速;当铣削宽度为5 mm时，可以有效减少翘曲变形、局部变形，并优化表面粗糙度，是最佳的铣削宽度选择。相对于其他参数，铣削深度对变形和表面粗糙度的影响较小。从减少变形的目的出发，选择0.7 mm作为铣削深度，此时在变形控制方面达到最优效果。结论 在主轴转速为1 500 r/min、进给速度为480 mm/min、铣削深度为0.7 mm、铣削宽度为5 mm的铣削参数组合下，薄壁件的翘曲变形和表面粗糙度值最低。优化后的参数组合为薄壁件的铣削加工提供了一定的参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To address the technical challenges of deformation in the machining of arc thin-walled parts, the work aims to determine appropriate milling parameters under the premise of ensuring the quality of the machined surface to effectively control the deformation. A four-factor, three-level orthogonal milling experiment was conducted with spindle speed, feed speed, milling depth, and milling width as variables. The effects of cutting parameters on the deformation, surface roughness, and radius of ZL205A sheets were clarified with comprehensive balance method. Additionally, range analysis was employed to study the significance of the impact of milling variables on workpiece deformation and surface roughness. During the milling operation, for the 3 evaluation indicators of warp deformation, local deformation, and surface roughness of aluminum alloy thin-walled parts, experimental study was conducted and it was found that the feed speed had the most significant impact on the 3 evaluation indicators. When the feed speed was set to 480 mm/min, the warp deformation was the minimum and the local deformation was the least. After comprehensively considering 3 evaluation indexes, it was considered that the feed speed of 480 mm/min was the ideal feed speed. When the spindle speed was set to 1 500 r/min, it performed best in controlling local deformation and surface roughness. Although its impact on warp deformation was not the most critical, it was overall considered the optimal spindle speed. When the milling width was set to 5 mm, it could effectively reduce warp deformation and local deformation, and optimize surface roughness, making it the best choice for milling width. Compared to other parameters, the milling depth had a lesser impact on deformation and surface roughness. With the goal of reducing deformation, a milling depth of 0.7 mm was chosen, which was optimal for deformation control. Under the milling parameter combination of n=1 500 r/min, vf=480 mm/min, ap=0.7 mm, ae=5 mm, the warp deformation and surface roughness values of the thin-walled parts are at their lowest. The optimized parameter combination provides a certain reference for the milling of thin-walled parts. |
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