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| 电弧熔覆韧-硬复合层工艺及性能研究 |
| Process and Properties of Arc Cladding Ductile-hard Composite Layer |
| Received:January 20, 2024 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2024.06.013 |
| 中文关键词: 电弧熔覆 宏观形貌 微观组织 显微硬度 冲击韧性 磨损性能 |
| 英文关键词: arc cladding macroscopic morphology microstructure microhardness impact toughness wear performance |
| 基金项目:先进焊接与连接国家重点实验室开放课题基金(AWJ-23M25) |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | GUO Yi | School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Hubei Shiyan 442002, China | | WANG Jinfeng | School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Hubei Shiyan 442002, China
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Connection, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China | | SU Wenchao | School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Hubei Shiyan 442002, China | | CHE Yajun | Dongfeng Parts Group Co., Ltd., Hubei Shiyan 442016, China | | CAI Xiaoyu | State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Connection, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China | | KE Hao | School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China | | LI Wenjuan | School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Hubei Shiyan 442002, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 为增强Q960E钢表面的使用性能、减少裂纹的产生，设计并制备了一种韧-硬复合梯度过渡熔覆层。方法 通过实验比对，选出了适合的过渡层与高硬层熔覆材料。首先选择XY-26F-104合金粉末作为熔覆材料，用TIG焊将材料熔覆在基板上作为过渡层，其次采用CO2气体保护焊在过渡层上熔覆YD557堆焊焊丝获得高硬层。通过优化熔覆工艺得到无裂纹、无气孔、成形良好的熔覆层。对获得的梯度过渡熔覆层进行组织分析、硬度和冲击韧性等测试。结果 基体-过渡层-高硬层两两之间产生了良好的冶金结合，熔覆层中无明显缺陷产生。微观形貌分析结果表明，在过渡层中有胞状晶与胞状枝晶产生，高硬层主要由板条马氏体组成。硬度测试结果表明，基体硬度为350HV，高硬层的平均硬度为620HV，过渡层平均硬度为480HV，过渡层硬度处于高硬层硬度与基板硬度之间，各部分硬度的梯度分布既提高了复合板的耐磨性，又增强了复合板的韧性。在冲击性能测试中，基体的平均冲击吸收功为34 J，复合板的平均冲击吸收功为68.48 J，为基体的2.5倍。在摩擦磨损实验中，基材的磨损质量为15.1 mg，而熔覆层的磨损质量仅为4.2 mg，基体的磨损质量为熔覆层的3.59倍;熔覆层平均摩擦因数为0.398 7，相较于基材的降低了0.072 8;熔覆层的磨损机制为磨粒磨损，基材的磨损机制为黏着磨损。结论 设计的复合梯度熔覆层既能提高表面的使用性能，又能增强熔覆层的韧性，减少裂纹的产生。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The work aims to design and preparea ductile-hard composite gradient transition cladding layer, in order to enhance the surface performance of Q960 E steel and reduce the generation of cracks. Through experimental comparison, the suitable transition layer and high hardness layer cladding materials were selected. Firstly, XY-26F-104 alloy powder was selected as the cladding material, and the material was cladded on the substrate as a transition layer by TIG welding. Then, YD557 surfacing wire was cladded on the transition layer by CO2 gas shielded welding to obtain a high hardness layer. By optimizing the cladding process, a crack-free, pore-free and well-formed cladding layer was obtained. The microstructure and the hardness and impact toughness of the obtained gradient transition cladding layer were analyzed and tested. Good metallurgical bonding was formed between the substrate-transition layer-high hardness layer, and no obvious defects were found in the cladding layer. The results of microstructure analysis showed that there were cellular crystals and cellular dendrites in the transition layer, and the high hardness layer was mainly composed of lath martensite. The hardness test results showed that the hardness of the substrate was 350HV, the average hardness of the high hardness layer was 620HV, and the average hardness of the transition layer was 480HV. The hardness of the transition layer was between the hardness of the high hardness layer and the hardness of the substrate. The gradient distribution of the hardness of each part not only improved the wear resistance of the composite plate, but also enhanced the toughness of the composite plate. In the impact performance test, the average impact absorption energy of the substrate was 34 J, and the impact absorption energy of the composite plate was 68.48 J, which was 2.5 times that of the substrate. In the friction and wear experiment, the wear mass of the substrate was 15.1 mg, while the wear mass of the cladding layer was only 4.2 mg, and the wear mass of the substrate was 3.59 times that of the cladding layer. The average friction coefficient of the cladding layer was 0.398 7, which was 0.072 8 lower than that of the substrate. The wear mechanism of the cladding layer was abrasive wear, and the wear mechanism of the substrate was adhesive wear. The designed composite gradient cladding layer can not only improve the surface performance, but also enhance the toughness of the cladding layer and reduce the generation of cracks |
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