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| 5083铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头拉伸行为研究 |
| Tensile Behavior of 5083 Aluminum Alloy Friction Stir Welded Joints |
| Received:December 22, 2023 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2024.02.006 |
| 中文关键词: 5083铝合金 搅拌摩擦焊接 微观组织 力学性能 拉伸应变 |
| 英文关键词: 5083 aluminum alloy friction stir welding microstructure mechanical properties tensile strain |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(52175326，51865035) |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | DU Yong | China Classification Society-Guangzhou Branch, Guangzhou 510235, China | | XIA Xiwei | China Classification Society-Guangzhou Branch, Guangzhou 510235, China | | WANG Yike | Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330000, China | | CHEN Yuhua | Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330000, China | | WU Pengbo | Harbin Welding Institute Limited Company, Harbin 150028, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 研究5083铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接(FSW)的组织、力学性能和拉伸应变，分析接头的拉伸行为。方法 采用数码相机、光学显微镜、电子扫描显微镜等表征分析方法，对焊缝的表面宏观成形、微观组织、断口形貌进行分析;利用拉伸机、三维数字动态散斑应变测量分析系统和显微维氏硬度计对接头的力学性能和拉伸应变进行测试。结果 不同焊接工艺参数下FSW接头的最低抗拉强度为305 MPa，断后延伸率达到了14%以上;焊核区拉伸应变沿板厚方向呈现上高下低和上宽下窄的不均匀梯度分布，发生了较大程度的变形强化，直到拉伸应力达到抗拉强度。断裂失效前300/120接头的最大拉伸应变在晶粒粗大的母材区，500/120和500/200接头的最大拉伸应变则位于晶粒尺寸差异较大的后退侧焊核区与热力影响区交界处。接头拉伸断口宏观上均为45°剪切韧性断裂，微观上均以韧窝韧性断裂为主，而高热输入500/120接头出现脆性断裂特征，其延伸率明显降低。结论 高热力耦合输入使铝合金FSW接头薄弱区发生转变，强韧性降低。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The work aims to study the microstructure, mechanical properties and tensile strain of 5083 aluminum alloy friction stir welded joints and analyze the tensile behavior of the joints. Digital camera, optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy micro characterization analysis methods were adopted to analyze the macroscopic surface formation, microstructure, and fracture morphology of the weld. The mechanical properties and tensile strain of 5083 aluminum alloy friction stir welded joints were tested by means of the tensile machine, digital image correlation, and Vicker hardness tester. The ultimate tensile strength of the joints under different welding parameters was above 305 MPa, and the elongation to failure could reach over 14%. The tensile strain in the weld nugget zone presented an uneven gradient distribution from the high and wide strain localization at the top to the low and narrow strain localization at the bottom along the thickness direction of plate. A significant degree of deformation strengthening occurred until the tensile stress reached the ultimate tensile strength. The maximum tensile strain of the 300/120 joint before fracture was located in the base material with coarse grains, while that of the 500/120 and 500/200 joints were located at the boundary of the WNZ and thermal mechanical affected zone with significant difference in grain size on the retreating side. The tensile fracture surface of the FSW joint was mainly characterized by 45° shear toughness fracture and ductile fracture with dimples. However, the fracture surface of 500/120 joint under high heat input exhibited brittle fracture morphology, leading to significant reduction in elongation. The weak zone of the aluminum alloy FSW joint transforms under high thermal mechanical coupling input, deteriorating the strength and toughness of the joints. |
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