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| 304不锈钢局部干法水下激光填丝焊接工艺及焊缝性能研究 |
| Local Dry Underwater Laser Wire Filling Welding Process and Weld Properties of 304 Stainless Steel |
| Received:October 06, 2023 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2024.01.012 |
| 中文关键词: 局部干法 激光焊接 304不锈钢 水下焊接 电化学腐蚀 |
| 英文关键词: local dry method laser welding 304 stainless steel underwater welding electrochemical corrosion |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金联合基金(U22B20127);北京市科技计划(KZ202210017023);北京市属高校分类发展项目(11000023T000002199202) |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | ZHAO Liang | School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 106217, China | | ZHU Jialei | School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 106217, China | | ZHAO Zhibo | School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 106217, China | | ZHAO Youliang | School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 106217, China | | LI Guixin | School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 106217, China | | LI Songzhao | School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 106217, China | | HUANG Yushan | School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 106217, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 采用自主研制的水下激光填丝焊接装备，在304奥氏体不锈钢板材表面进行U形坡口激光填丝焊接试验，为304不锈钢水下修复工作提供技术参考。方法 在功率为5 600 W、焊接速度为6 mm/s、送丝速度为205 cm/min、保护气体流量为15 L/min、排水气体流量为30 L/min的条件下进行焊接试验，并对空气和水下环境下的焊缝进行对比检测分析。通过光学显微镜分析2种环境下焊缝的显微组织;对2种焊缝进行拉伸、弯曲等力学性能测试;采用显微硬度计测试1 kg载荷下不同区域的显微硬度;使用VersaSTAT 3F电化学工作站测定在3.5%(质量分数)的NaCl溶液中2种焊缝的开路电位和极化曲线。结果 2种环境下的焊缝均无明显裂纹、气孔等缺陷;显微组织主要由奥氏体和铁素体组成，但2种环境下焊缝的奥氏体晶粒大小和铁素体形状均略有差别，焊缝拉伸断口均为典型的韧性断裂形貌且抗拉强度符合304不锈钢标准。2种环境下焊缝的微观组织和晶粒大小不同，水下焊缝硬度高于空气的。通过分析2种环境下焊缝的开路电位和极化曲线，可知水下焊缝的耐腐蚀性略高。结论 所开发的局部干法水下激光填丝焊接工艺可以满足实际工程中水下焊接维修的要求，其焊缝性能可以满足304不锈钢空气环境下的焊接质量标准。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The work aims to conduct an U-shaped bevel laser filler welding test on the surface of a 304 austenitic stainless steel plate with self-developed underwater laser filler welding equipment, to provide technical reference for underwater repair of 304 stainless steel. Welding tests were conducted at the power of 5 600 W, welding speed of 6 mm/s, wire feeding speed of 205 cm/min, protective gas flow rate of 15 L/min, drainage gas flow rate of 30 L/min. Welds in the air environment and the underwater environment were subject to comparative testing and analysis. The microstructures of the welds in both environments were analyzed with an optical microscope; The mechanical properties of the two welds were tested in tensile and bending; The distribution of microhardness in different areas under 1 kg load was tested with a microhardness tester; And the open-circuit potentials and polarization curves of welds in different environments were determined through the Versa STAT 3F electrochemical workstation in 3.5% NaCl solution. The welds in the two environments had no obvious cracks, pores and other defects; Their microstructure was mainly composed of austenite and ferrite, but their austenite grain size and ferrite shape were slightly different. Their weld tensile fractures were typical toughness fracture morphology and tensile strength in line with the standards of 304 stainless steel; Due to the different microstructure and grain size of the welds in two environments, the hardness of the welds in the underwater environment was higher than those in the air environment. By analyzing the open-circuit potential and polarization curves of the welds in both environments, it is shown that the corrosion resistance of the welds in the underwater environment was slightly higher. In conclusion, the developed local dry underwater laser wire filling welding process can meet the actual project underwater welding repair requirements, and its weld performance can meet the 304 stainless steel air environment welding quality standards. |
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