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| TA1纯钛微型杯件软模微拉深成形工艺研究 |
| Micro Drawing Forming Technology of TA1 Micro Cup Parts with Flexible Die |
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| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2023.07.005 |
| 中文关键词: 微型杯件 金属薄板 软模成形 微拉深 拉深比 |
| 英文关键词: micro-cup metal sheet flexible die forming micro drawing drawing ratio |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（51875126）；山东省高等学校“青创团队计划”（2022KJ078） |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | WANG Hai-yang | School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, Shandong Weihai 264209, China | | XIE Chen | School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, Shandong Weihai 264209, China | | CHEN Gang | School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, Shandong Weihai 264209, China | | ZHU Qiang | School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, Shandong Weihai 264209, China | | LIU Kang | School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, Shandong Weihai 264209, China | | ZHANG Peng | School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, Shandong Weihai 264209, China
Key Laboratory of Micro-Systems and Micro-Structures Manufacturing of Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China | | WANG Chuan-jie | School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, Shandong Weihai 264209, China
Key Laboratory of Micro-Systems and Micro-Structures Manufacturing of Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 提高现有微成形工艺的可成形性，解决薄板易破裂等缺陷，探究薄板软模微拉深成形工艺的工艺参数对成形性的影响，致力于制造具有更大拉深比的微型杯件。方法 采用退火后的纯钛薄板作为原始板材，设计了薄板的软模微拉深成形模具进行实验。实验中探讨了工艺参数和材料参数对微型杯件极限拉伸比的影响。工艺参数包括压边力、橡胶性能和润滑方式，材料参数主要是晶粒尺寸。结果 通过控制压边力能够避免微拉深工艺中的缺陷。压边力过低会导致法兰区域起皱，压边力过高会导致上圆角部位破裂。采用刚度系数为72 N/mm的压边弹簧能够有效避免起皱和破裂。选用硬度为65HA的聚氨酯橡胶能够成形出极限拉深比最大（为2.64）的纯钛微型杯件。软模微拉深工艺必须采用有效的润滑方式来提高板材的流动行为。采用蓖麻油润滑能够有效避免微型杯件的破裂缺陷。板材的晶粒尺寸对极限拉深比的影响是最强烈的。晶粒尺寸为8.4 μm的纯钛薄板能够制造出极限拉深比为2.64的微型杯件，而随着晶粒尺寸的增大，微型杯件的极限拉深比显著下降。结论 通过软模微拉深工艺并且采用合适的工艺参数成功制备了极限拉深比为2.64的微型杯件，与现有工艺相比，所获得的微型杯件的极限拉深比提高了20%。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The work aims to explore the effects of process parameters of a flexible die micro deep drawing process on formability and manufacture micro-cups with larger drawing ratios to improve the formability of existing micro-forming processes and address the issues of sheet fracture. An annealed pure titanium sheet was used as the raw material, and a flexible micro deep drawing die was designed for the experiment. The effects of process and material parameters, including blank holder force, rubber material properties, lubrication method, and grain size, on the maximum drawing ratio of micro-cups were investigated. The choice of blank holder force was found to determine the success or failure of micro-cups. Too low blank holder force caused wrinkling in the flange area, while too high force lead to cracking in the upper round corner area. The use of a blank holder spring with a stiffness coefficient of 72 N/mm could effectively avoid wrinkling and cracking. The use of polyurethane rubber with a hardness of 65HA could form pure titanium micro-cups with a maximum drawing ratio of 2.64. Effective lubrication was essential for flexible die micro deep drawing processes to improve the flow behavior of the sheet material. The use of castor oil lubrication could effectively avoid micro-cup cracking defects. The grain size of the sheet material has the most significant impact on the maximum drawing ratio. Pure titanium sheets with a grain size of 8.4 μm could be used to manufacture micro-cups with a maximum drawing ratio of 2.64, while the maximum drawing ratio of micro-cups significantly decreases with the increase of grain size. Ultimately, this study successfully produces micro-cups with a maximum drawing ratio of 2.64 using the flexible die micro deep drawing process and appropriate process parameters, which represents a 20% improvement over existing processes. |
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