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| 基于CEL方法的搅拌摩擦焊6061铝合金温度场研究 |
| Temperature Field of 6061 Aluminum Alloy by Friction Stir Welding Based on CEL Technique |
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| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2023.03.007 |
| 中文关键词: 搅拌摩擦焊 6061铝合金 有限元分析 耦合欧拉–拉格朗日方法 质量缩放 温度场 |
| 英文关键词: friction stir welding 6061 aluminum alloy finite element analysis coupled Euler-Lagrangian technique mass scaling temperature field |
| 基金项目:山东省重点研发计划(2019GGX102023) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 研究搅拌摩擦焊接过程中焊接件温度场分布规律及工具头旋转速度对焊接件温度升高和温度场分布的影响规律。方法 基于耦合欧拉–拉格朗日(CEL)方法，采用Johnson–Cook本构模型、温度相关的热机械物理参数、经典库仑定律和质量缩放技术，建立搅拌摩擦焊三维热力耦合有限元模型，模拟6061铝合金在不同旋转速度下的搅拌摩擦焊接过程，并进行分析比较。通过侧边打孔将热电偶埋入焊件，从而获取工件特定采样点的温度数据，对模拟结果的准确性进行验证。结果 焊缝返回侧的温度高于前进侧，工具头后方温度高于前方;焊接区域的温度随着下扎深度的增加而升高;最高温度出现在下扎结束阶段，而焊接阶段最高温度略有下降并且保持稳定;当转速从500 r/min增大到1 000 r/min时，焊缝中心峰值温度从337.4 ℃升高到496.5 ℃。特定测温点的模拟温度与热电偶实测数据吻合较好，最大误差不超过20%。模拟焊缝与实际焊缝宏观相貌吻合良好，特别是焊缝返回侧的飞边。结论 高温区域主要分布在焊缝返回侧的工具头后方;工具头转速控制温度的变化，所有焊接阶段的温度随转速的增大而升高，且高温区域扩大。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The work aims to study the temperature field distribution law of workpiece and the effect of rotation speed of tool on the temperature increase and temperature field distribution during friction stir welding. Based on the coupled Euler-Lagrange (CEL) method, Johnson-Cook constitutive model, temperature-dependent thermomechanical physical parameters, classical Coulomb's law and mass scaling technology were used to establish a three-dimensional thermodynamic coupling finite element model of friction stir welding to simulate the friction stir welding process of 6061 aluminum alloy at different rotation speed, and then carry out analysis and comparison. The thermocouple was embedded into the workpiece by punching holes in the side to obtain temperature data at a specific point of the workpiece and verify the accuracy of the simulation results. The temperature of the retreating side of welding seam was higher than that of the advancing side, and the temperature behind the tool was higher than that ahead. The temperature of the welding area increased with the increasing plunging depth. The highest temperature occurred at the end of the plunging stage, while the maximum temperature in the welding stage decreased slightly and remained stable. When rotation increased from 500 r/min to 1 000 r/min, the peak temperature of the welding seam center increased from 337.4 ℃ to 496.5 ℃. The simulated temperature of specific temperature measurement point was in good agreement with the thermocouple measured data, and the maximum error did not exceed 20%. The simulated welding seam was in good agreement with the macro morphologies of the actual welding seam, especially the flash on the returning side. The high temperature area is mainly distributed behind the tool on the returning side. The temperature of all welding stages increases with increasing rotation speed, and the high temperature area expands. |
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