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| 航空发动机燃烧室帽罩变压边热成形技术 |
| Hot Forming Technology Combined with Variable Blank Holder Force for Aero-engine Combustion Chamber Hood |
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| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2023.01.021 |
| 中文关键词: 燃烧室帽罩 热成形 变压边力 流动控制 热补偿 |
| 英文关键词: combustion chamber hood hot forming variable blank holder force flow control thermal compensation |
| 基金项目:中国航发集团产学研合作项目(HFZL2019CXY024?2) |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | MENG Bao | School of Mechanical Engineering & Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China | | ZHENG Li-huang | School of Mechanical Engineering & Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China | | HAN Zi-jian | School of Mechanical Engineering & Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China | | WAN Kun | AECC South Industry Co., Ltd., Hunan Zhuzhou 412002, China | | JIANG Yuan-yuan | AECC South Industry Co., Ltd., Hunan Zhuzhou 412002, China | | LI You-chun | AECC South Industry Co., Ltd., Hunan Zhuzhou 412002, China | | MA Xin | AECC South Industry Co., Ltd., Hunan Zhuzhou 412002, China | | WAN Min | School of Mechanical Engineering & Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 提出帽罩零件真空环境变压边热成形新技术，解决航空发动机燃烧室帽罩零件冷成形回弹大、精度低、内部应力大，以及热成形壁厚不均、氧化严重等问题。方法 利用有限元仿真和工艺试验相结合的方法，选用GH3625高温合金板材研究变压边热成形过程中压边力加载路径对帽罩成形质量的影响，分析热成形模具热膨胀与回弹变形对帽罩尺寸精度的影响，建立考虑热成形、变压边力加载及模具补偿的成形方案。结果 在900 ℃条件下，帽罩热成形力相比室温下降低约70%，内外径回弹量分别降低约67%和59%。基于几何特征优化的压边力加载路径有助于减小零件型面的回弹。结合回弹变形和热膨胀变形补偿，确定模具总补偿量为内径‒0.49 mm，外径‒0.62 mm。工艺试验结果表明，采用模拟所确立的成形方案成形的帽罩质量较好，尺寸精度达到IT9级，型面精度在0.2 mm以内，切边后回弹量为0.1 mm，与有限元仿真结果吻合较好。结论 建立的有限元模型和变形补偿方案可以有效地优化帽罩的工艺成形过程，所提出的变压边热成形技术能够显著降低高温合金变形抗力和回弹，可以解决高精度帽罩零件成形制造难题。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The work aims to propose a new hot forming technology combined with variable blank holder force in vacuum environment to solve the problems of large springback, low accuracy, and large internal stress in cold forming of aero-engine combustion chamber hood parts and uneven wall thickness and serious oxidation in hot forming. With GH3625 superalloy sheet as the research object, the method of combining finite element simulation and experiment was used to explore the effect of blank holder force loading path on the forming quality of hood in hot forming process with variable blank holder. Moreover, the impact of thermal expansion of the die and springback deformation on the dimensional accuracy of hood was analyzed. Further, the forming scheme considering hot forming, variable blank holder force loading and die compensation was established. At forming temperature of 900 ℃, the hot forming force of hood was reduced by about 70% compared with that at room temperature, and the springback of inner and outer diameters was reduced by about 67% and 59% respectively. The optimal blank holder force loading mode based on geometric features was helpful to reduce the springback of the part shape. Combined with springback and thermal expansion compensation, the total compensation amount of the die was determined to be ‒0.49 mm for inner diameter and ‒0.62 mm for outer diameter. According to the experimental results, based on the established forming scheme through simulation, the dimensional accuracy of the formed parts reached IT9 level, and the surface accuracy was within 0.2 mm. The springback value after trimming was 0.1 mm, which was consistent with the numerical simulation results. The established finite element model and deformation compensation scheme can effectively optimize the forming process of the hood. The proposed hot forming technology with variable blank holder can significantly reduce the deformation resistance and springback of superalloy and solve the forming and manufacturing problems of high-precision hood parts. |
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