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| 采用光学测量技术研究铝合金焊接变形 |
| Welding Deformation of Aluminum Alloy by Optical Measurement Technology |
| Received:November 11, 2019 Revised:January 10, 2020 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2020.01.014 |
| 中文关键词: 铝合金薄板 数字图像相关法 热输入 焊接变形 |
| 英文关键词: aluminum alloy sheet digital image correlation method heat input welding deformation |
| 基金项目: |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | LI Geng | a. State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior for Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China | | YIN Xian-qing | a. State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior for Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China | | NIU Jing | a. State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior for Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China | | LIANG Jin | b. School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China | | ZHANG Jian-xun | a. State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior for Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 测试铝合金薄板的焊接变形。方法 采用数字图像相关法对6061 T6铝合金薄板钨极氩弧焊（TIG）焊接过程的动态变形进行了全场测试，研究了焊接热输入对变形的影响规律。结果 在其他条件相同的情况下，最大面外变形和焊接热输入关系为δmax=0.0368Qnet+4.603，横向角变形与热输入之间的关系为w=0.000 336Qnet-0.014 85。横向面内收缩ΔB和纵向面内收缩ΔL与热输入关系式为：ΔB=-0.011 71+0.003 92 Qnet，ΔL=-0.5164+0.0055Qnet。结论 焊接热输入不同，试板全场面外变形规律基本相同，从焊接过程中的碗形转变为焊接结束以后的马鞍形；在其他条件相同的情况下，焊接热输入越大，焊接过程中的面外变形越大，焊后面外变形和角变形与热输入呈近似线性关系；薄板纵向和横向应变主要发生在焊缝周围，纵向收缩越大引起试板纵向弯曲。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The paper aims to test the welding deformation of aluminum alloy sheets. The dynamic deformation of the 6061 T6 aluminum alloy sheet tungsten-arc welding (TIG) welding process was tested by the digital image correlation method. The influences of welding heat input on deformation were studied. Under the same conditions, the relationship between the maximum out-of-plane deformation and the welding heat input was δmax=0.0368Qnet+4.603, and the relationship between the lateral angular deformation and the heat input was w=0.000 336Qnet-0.014 85. The relationship between transverse in-plane shrinkage and the longitudinal in-plane shrinkage and the heat input was: ΔB=-0.011 71+0.003 92Qnet, ΔL=-0.5164+0.0055Qnet. Under different welding heat inputs, the deformation law of the whole surface of the test plate is basically the same. It changes from the bowl shape during weldin to the saddle shape after welding; under the same conditions, the larger the welding heat input, the larger the out-of-plane deformation during welding. The out-of-plane deformation and angular deformation of the weld are approximately linear with the heat input; the longitudinal and transverse strain of the thin plate mainly occur around the weld, and the larger the longitudinal shrinkage, the more the longitudinal bending of the test plate. |
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