卢君,常云峰,刘永华,等.不同激光熔覆工艺对液压油缸组织与性能的影响研究[J].精密成形工程,2025,17(5):166-176.
LU Jun,CHANG Yunfeng,LIU Yonghua,et al.Influence of Different Laser Cladding Processes on Microstructure and Properties of Hydraulic Cylinders[J].Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering,2025,17(5):166-176. |
| 不同激光熔覆工艺对液压油缸组织与性能的影响研究 |
| Influence of Different Laser Cladding Processes on Microstructure and Properties of Hydraulic Cylinders |
| 投稿时间：2024-09-23 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.05.019 |
| 中文关键词: 高速激光熔覆 常规激光熔覆 热影响区 微观组织 力学性能 |
| 英文关键词: high-speed laser cladding conventional laser cladding HAZ microstructure mechanical property |
| 基金项目:河南省科技研发计划联合基金(重点项目)(203ZP20230007) |
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| 摘要点击次数: 59 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 以液压油缸为对象，对比研究常规激光熔覆与高速激光熔覆2种工艺方法对母材基体组织与性能的影响。方法 分别采用常规与高速激光熔覆技术在液压油缸外壁表面熔覆不锈钢涂层，通过光学显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、万能拉伸试验机、冲击试验机、维氏硬度计等设备，对比研究界面元素分布、热影响区形貌、母材微观组织形貌与屈服强度、冲击韧性、显微硬度等性能的变化规律。结果 常规与高速激光熔覆均在高强钢油缸表面形成了良好的冶金结合，涂层组织致密，无明显气孔和裂纹等缺陷;高速激光熔覆热影响区宽度仅为222.2 μm，远低于常规激光熔覆的1 269.8 μm;高速激光熔覆热影响区附近位置的屈服强度、低温冲击功分别为816.7 MPa、196 J，均优于常规激光熔覆的对应性能;与未熔覆油缸基体相比，常规激光熔覆与高速激光熔覆均对热影响区附近母材的微观组织与力学性能产生了影响，其中高速激光熔覆试样的显微硬度、屈服强度、低温冲击功分别下降了约6.7%、3.6%、3.5%，远低于常规激光熔覆的11.4%、7.7%、8.9%，说明高速激光熔覆工艺对母材性能的影响更小。结论 常规激光熔覆与高速激光熔覆均对油缸基体组织与性能有明显的影响，与常规激光熔覆相比，高速激光熔覆对母材的热影响程度明显下降，对母材热影响区附近基体力学性能的影响程度更小，有效降低了熔覆工艺对缸体性能的影响。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The work aims to compare and study the effects of conventional laser cladding and high-speed laser cladding on the microstructure and properties of the base metal, with the hydraulic cylinder as the object. Stainless steel coatings were cladded on the outer wall of hydraulic cylinder by conventional and high-speed laser cladding techniques respectively. The distribution of interface elements, morphology of heat affected zone, microstructure and yield strength of base metal, impact toughness and microhardness were compared and studied by means of optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffractometer, universal tensile testing machine, impact testing machine and Vickers hardness tester. Both conventional and high-speed laser cladding formed a good metallurgical bonding on the surface of high-strength steel cylinder without obvious pores and cracks. The HAZ width of high-speed laser cladding was only 222.2 μm, which was much lower than 1 269.8 μm of conventional laser cladding. The yield strength and low temperature impact energy near the HAZ of high-speed laser cladding were 816.7 MPa and 196 J, which were better than those of conventional laser cladding. For the unclad cylinder matrix, both conventional laser cladding and high-speed laser cladding had an effect on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the base metal near the heat-affected zone. The microhardness, yield strength and low-temperature impact energy of the high-speed laser cladding sample decreased by 6.7%, 3.6% and 3.5%, respectively, which were much lower than 11.4%, 7.7% and 8.9% of the conventional laser cladding. It showed that the high-speed laser cladding process had less influence on the properties of the base metal. In conclusion, conventional laser cladding and high-speed laser cladding have obvious effects on the microstructure and properties of the hydraulic cylinder. Compared with conventional laser cladding, the heat effect of high-speed laser cladding on the base metal is significantly reduced, and the mechanical properties of the matrix near the heat affected zone of the base metal are less affected, which effectively reduces the influence of cladding process on the performance of the cylinder block. |
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