祖家泽,马佳,胡晓勇,等.涡轮叶片用镍基高温钎料的真空熔炼与微观组织分析[J].精密成形工程,2025,17(4):226-233.
ZU Jiaze,MA Jia,HU Xiaoyong,et al.Vacuum Melting and Microstructure Analysis of Nickel Based High-temperature Brazing Filler Metal for Turbine Blades[J].Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering,2025,17(4):226-233. |
| 涡轮叶片用镍基高温钎料的真空熔炼与微观组织分析 |
| Vacuum Melting and Microstructure Analysis of Nickel Based High-temperature Brazing Filler Metal for Turbine Blades |
| 投稿时间：2025-02-17 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.04.022 |
| 中文关键词: 镍基高温钎料 真空感应熔炼 扫描电镜 X射线衍射 微观组织 |
| 英文关键词: nickel based high-temperature brazing filler metal vacuum induction melting scanning electron microscope X-ray diffraction microstructure |
| 基金项目:河南省重点研发专项(241111233300，221111520100) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 开发一种用于连接镍基单晶高温合金与钴基耐磨合金的镍基高温钎料成分，以满足航空发动机叶片制造中对高性能连接材料的需求。方法 采用真空感应熔炼工艺制备镍基高温钎料合金，研究熔炼功率和熔炼次数对合金组织均匀性的影响，以优化熔炼工艺参数，并通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)分析技术，对钎料合金的组织成分进行深入探究。实验结果表明，获得均匀性良好的多元钎料合金至少需要3次熔炼，且熔炼功率需达到38 kW/s以上，保温时间为10 min;熔炼后的合金组织中存在带状富集区，其形成原因主要是Nb元素具有高熔点以及高熔体黏度系数，通过涡流作用形成以高熔点Nb/W/Mo元素为主要成分的带状析出组织;合金组织中Al主要与Ni元素结合形成γ′-Ni3Al相;Co元素与W元素和Nb元素结合形成CoWB金属间化合物相;Cr元素与Si元素结合形成了Cr5Si3金属间化合物相。钎料合金组织中除Nb和W元素外，其他元素未观察到明显偏析现象。合金组织均匀性较好。通过优化真空感应熔炼工艺，成功制备出组织均匀性良好的多元镍基高温钎料合金，为涡轮叶片制造提供了参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The work aims to develop a nickel-based high-temperature brazing filler metal composition for joining nickel-based single-crystal superalloys and cobalt-based wear-resistant alloys, so as to meet the demand for high-performance joining materials in aero-engine blade manufacturing. The nickel-based high-temperature brazing alloy was prepared by vacuum induction melting. The effects of melting power and cycle number on alloy homogeneity were studied to optimize melting parameters. The microstructure and composition of the brazing alloy were thoroughly investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Experimental results indicated that obtaining homogeneous multi-component brazing alloys required at least three melting cycles, with melting power exceeding 38 kW/s and a holding time of 10 min; Banded enrichment zones in the melted alloy microstructure primarily formed due to the high melting point and high viscosity coefficient of Nb, which generated vortex flow that aligned unmelted W/Mo particles along streamline directions, forming banded precipitates dominated by high-melting-point Nb/W/Mo elements. Al primarily combined with Ni to form γ′-Ni3Al phases; Co combined with W and Nb to form CoWB intermetallic phased; Cr combined with Si to form Cr5Si3 intermetallic phases. Except for Nb and W, no significant elemental segregation was observed in the brazing alloy, demonstrating good microstructural homogeneity. By optimizing vacuum induction melting parameters, a multi-component nickel-based high-temperature brazing alloy with excellent homogeneity was successfully prepared, providing a reference for turbine blade manufacturing. |
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