童法松,王树森,高雪峰,等.精密铸造镍基单晶高温合金条纹晶缺陷的研究进展[J].精密成形工程,2025,17(4):170-182.
TONG Fasong,WANG Shusen,GAO Xuefeng,et al.Research Progress on Sliver Defects in Precision Casting Nickel-based Single-crystal Superalloys[J].Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering,2025,17(4):170-182. |
| 精密铸造镍基单晶高温合金条纹晶缺陷的研究进展 |
| Research Progress on Sliver Defects in Precision Casting Nickel-based Single-crystal Superalloys |
| 投稿时间：2024-08-25 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.04.017 |
| 中文关键词: 镍基单晶高温合金 取向偏离 条纹晶缺陷 形成机制 力学性能 |
| 英文关键词: Ni-based single crystal superalloy orientation deviation sliver defects formation mechanism mechanical properties |
| 基金项目:国家资助博士后研究人员计划(GZC20232739) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 镍基单晶高温合金因其卓越的高温抗氧化性和抗疲劳特性，被普遍应用于航空发动机涡轮叶片和燃气轮机热端部件的制造领域。随着航空发动机的发展、高代次高温合金的不断开发以及叶片结构的复杂化，对缺陷控制的难度日益增加。目前研究表明，条纹晶缺陷是一种晶体取向偏离缺陷，其在晶体取向上与单晶基体存在一定的偏差，晶界角度一般为小到中等角度。叶片形成的条纹晶缺陷会破坏单晶的完整性，诱发局部取向异常，导致其高温力学性能下降，甚至失效。近年来，大量学者集中研究了镍基单晶高温合金条纹晶缺陷的起源分布、形貌特征、形成机制及影响因素等。本文综述了条纹晶缺陷在单晶叶片中的分布位置、条纹晶缺陷的形貌及取向特征，主要通过揭示其异质形核、枝晶碎片、枝晶变形形核机制，分析定向凝固工艺参数对枝晶偏转的影响规律进而控制条纹晶的形成，分析条纹晶缺陷的形成机制及缺陷取向差对服役性能的影响作用，并对未来的研究进行了展望，以期为提高单晶叶片合格率提供借鉴。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Nickel-based single crystal superalloys are extensively utilized in the manufacturing of aero-engine turbine blades and gas turbine hot-section components owing to their outstanding high-temperature oxidation resistance and fatigue resistance. The development of aviation engines, the continuous development of high generation superalloy and the increasing complexity of blade structures have made defect control difficult. Current research has shown that sliver defects have a certain deviation in crystal orientation from the single crystal matrix, with grain boundary angles generally ranging from small to medium. The sliver crystal defects formed in the blade will damage the integrity of the single crystal, induce local abnormal orientation, lead to a decline in its high-temperature mechanical properties, and even cause failure. In recent years, most researchers have focused on studying the origin, distribution, morphological characteristics, formation mechanism, and affecting factors of sliver defects in nickel-based single crystal superalloys. The distribution location, morphology, and orientation characteristics of sliver defects are reviewed. The heterogeneous nucleation, dendritic fragmentation, and dendritic deformation mechanisms are revealed and the effect of directional solidification process parameters on dendritic deviation is analyzed to control the formation of sliver crystals. The formation mechanisms of sliver defects and the impact of misorientation on service performance are analyzed, and future research is discussed. Therefore, this is of great significance for controlling defect formation and improving the delivery rate of single crystal blades. |
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