李雪,朱强.焊接工艺参数对16Mn水下湿法激光焊缝的影响[J].精密成形工程,2025,17(3):180-187.
LI Xue,ZHU Qiang.Effect of Welding Process Parameters on Underwater Wet Laser Welding Seam of 16Mn[J].Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering,2025,17(3):180-187. |
| 焊接工艺参数对16Mn水下湿法激光焊缝的影响 |
| Effect of Welding Process Parameters on Underwater Wet Laser Welding Seam of 16Mn |
| 投稿时间：2024-07-21 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.03.020 |
| 中文关键词: 水下激光焊接(ULW) 焊接水深 焊缝成型 显微组织(MS) 力学性能(MP) |
| 英文关键词: underwater laser welding (ULW) welding depth weld seam formation microstructure (MS) mechanical properties (MP) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 研究焊接工艺参数对16Mn水下湿法激光焊接的影响。方法 采用控制变量法分别研究了焊接水深、焊接速度、激光功率等因素对焊缝宏观成形、显微组织和焊缝力学性能的影响。结果 当激光功率为2 000 W、焊接速度为10 mm/s时，焊缝的成形性能与水深有着密切关系，当水深较浅时，焊接氧化和飞溅现象严重，焊缝不连续，焊缝形貌与在空气中无保护气体焊接时的效果相似。当水深超过8 mm时，焊缝出现不连续现象，焊接无法进行，且焊缝中气孔氢脆等缺陷会随着水深的增加而变多。当焊接速度为10 mm/s、水深为4 mm、激光功率不超过1 500 W时，焊缝成形不良，容易出现未焊透。当激光功率超过2 000 W时，功率越大，气孔和氧化倾向越大，越接近无气体保护状态下的激光焊接。结论 水深和激光功率对焊接接头的作用极大程度上受到母材表面水分状态的影响。当输入能量过低或水深过大时，都容易导致焊缝断续、熔深浅等成形不良现象。当输入能量高或者水深较浅时，焊缝会出现气孔、氧化等缺陷。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The work aims to investigate the effect of welding process parameters on underwater wet laser welding of 16Mn. The effects of welding depth, welding speed, laser power, and other factors on the macroscopic morphology, microscopic structure, and mechanical properties of weld seams were studied according to the controlled variable method. At a power of 2 000 W and a welding speed of 10 mm/s, the formability of the weld seam was closely related to the water depth. When the water depth was shallow, severe welding oxidation and spattering occurred, resulting in a discontinuous weld seam with a similar appearance to welding without protective gas in air. When the water depth exceeded 8 mm, the weld seam became discontinuous, making welding impossible and defects such as pores and hydrogen embrittlement in the weld seam increased with the increase of water depth. When the welding speed was fixed at 10 mm/s and the water depth was 4 mm, if the laser power did not exceed 1 500 W, the weld seam formation was poor and incomplete penetration was prone to occur. When the laser power exceeded 2 000 W, the larger the power, the greater the tendency for pores and oxidation, approaching laser welding without gas protection. In conclusion, the effect of water depth and laser power on the weld joint is greatly affected by the condition of water on the surface of the base material. When the input energy is too low or the water depth is too great, weld discontinuities and shallow penetration often occur, leading to poor weld formation. Conversely, when the input energy is high or the water depth is shallow, defects such as porosity and oxidation may appear in the weld. |
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