夏月庆,杜强,郭鹏,等.钛/钢异质金属压力焊与钎焊研究进展[J].精密成形工程,2025,17(3):67-80.
XIA Yueqing,DU Qiang,GUO Peng,et al.Research Progress on Pressure Welding and Brazing of Titanium/Steel Dissimilar Metals[J].Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering,2025,17(3):67-80. |
| 钛/钢异质金属压力焊与钎焊研究进展 |
| Research Progress on Pressure Welding and Brazing of Titanium/Steel Dissimilar Metals |
| 投稿时间：2025-01-16 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.03.008 |
| 中文关键词: 钛/钢异质金属 扩散焊 摩擦焊 爆炸焊 钎焊 |
| 英文关键词: titanium/steel dissimilar metals diffusion bonding friction welding explosive welding brazing |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(52305355);中国博士后科学基金(2023M743244);河南省科技研发联合基金(重点项目)(225200810013);河南省科技攻关(232102110287) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 钛/钢异质金属复合结构可同时发挥钛的优异耐腐蚀性与钢的良好综合力学性能，并实现结构轻量化，达到“取长补短，物尽其用”的效果，应用领域广泛。焊接是制造钛/钢异质结构的重要手段之一，然而钛、钢之间的物理及冶金性能差异悬殊，其高质量焊接面临巨大挑战。压力焊(扩散焊、摩擦焊、爆炸焊)与钎焊因其特有的焊接优势，被视为连接钛/钢的优选方法，并已成为研究热点，对钛/钢复合结构的高可靠应用意义重大。本文从直接扩散焊、单一中间层、复合中间层及特殊工艺辅助四方面阐述了钛/钢扩散焊的研究现状;针对旋转摩擦焊和搅拌摩擦焊2种具体方法，归纳了钛/钢摩擦焊接头的界面组织结构、强度等问题;从工艺、接头强度、界面结构等方面总结了钛/钢爆炸焊的进展;围绕钛/钢钎焊常用的Ag基与Ti基钎料对钎焊钛/钢钎焊进行了分类总结。最后指出了钛/钢异质焊接接头塑韧性差的瓶颈难题，并从通过中间层/钎料调控、外场辅助、母材表面构型等手段提升接头强韧性的角度展望了钛/钢异质连接的未来研究方向。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Titanium/steel dissimilar composite structures could take advantage of the corrosion resistance of titanium and comprehensive mechanical properties of steel, and achieve lightweight structure to make the best use of everything. Thus the titanium/steel dissimilar composite structure is widely used in various fields. Welding is one of the important methods of manufacturing titanium/steel composite structures. However, the physical and chemical properties of titanium and steel are very different, which results in a great challenge in the high-quality welding of titanium/steel. With specific welding advantages, solid-phase welding (diffusion bonding, friction welding and explosive welding) and brazing are preferred means to weld titanium/steel dissimilar metals, and are significant to its high-reliability application with are proved to be research hotspots. In this work, the research progress of titanium/steel diffusion bonding is expounded from direct bonding, single interlayer, multiple interlayers and particular techniques. The interfacial microstructure and strength are summarized based on rotary friction welding and friction stir welding. The titanium/steel explosive welding progresses are summarized from the aspects of process, joint strength and interfacial microstructure. Focused on Ag- and Ti-based filler metals, the titanium/steel brazing is concluded. Finally, the bottleneck worse plasticity and toughness of titanium/steel joint is pointed out. This paper prospects the future of titanium/steel joining from improving strength and toughness of titanium/steel joints by the means of interlayer/filler metal regulation, out-field assistance, and configuration on base metals. |
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