王星星,王远航,卢一凡,等.面向重型水轮机的高强韧焊接材料及技术研究进展[J].精密成形工程,2025,17(3):19-30.
WANG Xingxing,WANG Yuanhang,LU Yifan,et al.Advancement on High Strength and Toughness Welding Materials and Technologies for Heavy Turbines[J].Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering,2025,17(3):19-30. |
| 面向重型水轮机的高强韧焊接材料及技术研究进展 |
| Advancement on High Strength and Toughness Welding Materials and Technologies for Heavy Turbines |
| 投稿时间：2025-01-22 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.03.003 |
| 中文关键词: 水电机组 水轮机 焊接 增材制造 表面强化 马氏体不锈钢 |
| 英文关键词: hydropower units turbine welding additive manufacturing surface strengthening martensitic stainless steel |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(52475347);国家外国专家项目(G2023026003L);中原科技创新领军人才项目;河南省优秀青年科学基金项目(202300410268);河南省高端外国专家引进项目(HNGD2025026);中国博士后基金面上项目(2023M740475) |
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| 摘要点击次数: 65 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 重型水轮机作为水电机组的核心部件，其性能和可靠性直接关系到水电机组的稳定运行与长效发挥。焊接工艺在水轮机制造中起着关键作用，焊接材料的正确选用直接决定了水轮机的服役可靠性。随着水电技术的不断发展以及对大规模、高效率水电机组的需求日益增长，水轮机所需材料的性能标准也在不断提高。在高水头、大容量水电机组中，水轮机承受着极大的机械载荷与恶劣的工作环境，因此对焊接材料的强度、韧性及耐腐蚀性能提出了更严苛的要求。本文综述了重型水轮机高强韧焊接材料的研究进展，针对转轮、导叶及蜗壳等关键部件在高水头、大容量水电机组中的应用特点，探讨了制造过程中焊接材料及技术的关键问题。系统分析了重型水轮机用马氏体不锈钢、高强钢及复合材料研究领域的国内外动态，重点关注了锻焊结合、增材制造及表面强化等新技术，提出了优化焊接材料强度、韧性和耐腐蚀性能的全生命周期制造策略，旨在优化焊接材料的综合性能，确保水轮机在各种工作条件下的可靠性与长期稳定运行。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| As the core components of hydropower units, heavy turbines directly affect the stable operation and longevity of these systems through their performance and reliability. Welding technology plays a crucial role in turbine manufacturing, with the selection of appropriate welding materials being essential for ensuring service reliability. As hydropower technology advances and demand for large-scale efficient units increases, the performance standards for turbine materials are continuously rising. In high-head and large-capacity hydropower units, turbines face substantial mechanical loads and harsh environments. Therefore, stricter standards are put forward for the strength, toughness, and corrosion resistance of welding materials. The advancements in high strength and toughness welding materials and technologies for heavy turbines are reviewed, focusing on critical components like runners, guide vanes, and spiral cases in high-head and large-capacity hydropower units. The key problems of welding materials and technology in manufacturing process are discussed. The research trends of martensitic stainless steel, high-strength steel and composite materials for heavy turbines in China and abroad are systematically analyzed, highlighting new technologies like forge weld, additive manufacturing, and surface hardening. A life-cycle manufacturing strategy for optimizing the strength, toughness and corrosion resistance of welding materials is proposed, aiming at optimizing the comprehensive performance of welding materials and ensuring the reliability and long-term stable operation of turbines under various working conditions. |
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