陈正宇,范谨锐,蔡易高,等.等离子弧焊梯度材料增材制造微观组织和性能研究[J].精密成形工程,2025,17(1):205-213.
CHEN Zhengyu,FAN Jinrui,CAI Yigao,et al.Microstructure and Properties of Plasma Arc Welding Gradient Materials by Additive Manufacturing[J].Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering,2025,17(1):205-213. |
| 等离子弧焊梯度材料增材制造微观组织和性能研究 |
| Microstructure and Properties of Plasma Arc Welding Gradient Materials by Additive Manufacturing |
| 投稿时间：2024-06-06 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.01.022 |
| 中文关键词: 梯度材料 等离子弧 316L不锈钢 Inconel 625镍基合金 力学性能 微观组织 |
| 英文关键词: functionally gradient materials plasma arc 316L stainless steel Inconel 625 nickel-based alloy mechanical property microstructure |
| 基金项目:创新强校工程冲补强项目(2021SDKYA086);广东省大学生创新创业训练计划(S202310588051);2024年广东技术师范大学研究生教育创新计划(2024XJANLK011) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 研究等离子弧焊工艺增材制造SS 316L不锈钢和Inconel 625镍基合金梯度材料的微观组织和力学性能。方法 采用非同轴送丝的等离子弧焊的方式分别制备了采用梯度过渡和没有采用梯度过渡的SS 316L不锈钢与Inconel 625镍基合金电弧增材制造样件，在将实验数据线性归一化后，研究了2种样件在不同位置、不同方向的微观组织与力学性能。结果 随层数的增多，采用了梯度过渡的样件底部各层热输入逐层减小，底部增材制造过程更稳定，而没有采用梯度过渡的样件在2种金属的连接区域粗糙度较大且层间成形不均匀。2种样件的显微硬度随层高的增加呈上升趋势，其中在30%(体积分数，下同)Inconel 625/70% SS 316L到20% Inconel 625/80% SS 316L的特定过渡区中梯度过渡样件显微硬度突然下降，因为该区域有Mo、Nb元素明显偏析，因此判断产生了Laves相。结论 通过等离子弧焊工艺可得到薄而均匀的SS 316L不锈钢与Inconel 625镍基合金电弧增材制造样件，梯度过渡材料具有较多的柱状枝晶和较少的等轴枝晶，且晶区结构更加均匀，导致显微硬度值增加，进而提升了产品的性能。因此采用梯度过渡材料同时避免特定过渡区(30% Inconel 625/70% SS 316L到20% Inconel 625/80% SS 316L)能有效提高此工艺的产品性能。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The work aims to study the microstructure and mechanical properties of SS 316L stainless steel and Inconel 625 nickel-based alloy gradient material by additive manufacturing under plasma arc welding process. Two kinds of SS 316L stainless steel and Inconel 625 nickel-based alloy arc additive manufacturing samples with and without gradient transition were prepared by non-coaxial wire feeding plasma arc welding. After linear normalization of experimental data, the microstructure and mechanical properties of the two samples at different positions and directions were studied. With the increase of the number of layers, the heat input of each layer at the bottom of the sample with gradient transition decreased layer by layer, which made the bottom additive manufacturing process more stable, while the sample without gradient transition had greater roughness in the connection area of the two metals and uneven formation between layers. The microhardness of the two samples increased with the increase of the layer height, and the microhardness of the samples with gradient transition suddenly decreased from 30% Inconel 625/70% SS 316L to 20% Inconel 625/80% SS 316L, and there was obvious segregation of Mo and Nb elements in this region. It was judged that Laves phases were produced. Thin and uniform SS 316L stainless steel and Inconel 625 nickel-based alloy samples by arc additive manufacturing can be obtained by plasma arc welding process. The gradient transition material has more columnar dendrites and less equiaxial dendrites, and the columnar dendrite structure of the crystal region is more uniform, resulting in an increase in microhardness value, and improving the performance of the product. Therefore, the use of transitional gradient materials while avoiding the specific transition zone of 30% Inconel 625/70% SS 316L to 20% Inconel 625/80% SS 316L can effectively improve the product performance of this process. |
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